Correlation Between Employee Motivation And Job...

Human resource is vital for any organization. So it is important to manage organizational happiness, so that employees will do their best for the organization. An employee performance appraisal can act as motivation for an employee to improve his productivity. When an employee sees his goals clearly defined and is measured against the set goals and objectives, a need can be identified about the future strategies of employee motivation. In this review, I will look at and explore the multiple arguments of the management research articles. So, the question I must ask: is there a positive correlation between employee motivation and job performance? Body 1 Managers leading the way as motivators Kyle A. Huggins, Darin W. White and Jessica Stahl Marketing research has begun to highlight the impact that salespeople’s deliberate and intuitive judgments can have on sales outcomes. More recently, research studies evaluate both intuitive and deliberate information processing together, finding that salespeople who accurately perceive both processing styles more easily adapt to their customers’ desires (Locander, Mulki, and Weinberg 2014) and improve sales performance by more than 130% (Hall, Ahearne, and Sujan 2015). We contend this ability is directly tied to emotional intelligence. Mayer and Salovey (1997) define emotional intelligence (EI) as the ability to perceive emotion, integrate emotion to facilitate thought, understand emotion, and to regulate emotion to promote personalShow MoreRelatedCorrelation Between Employee Motivation And Job Performance Essay1011 Words   |  5 PagesIntroduction The human resource is vital for any organization, as it is important to manage organizational employee happiness. Motivation has long been seen as a positive indicator of job performance. What are some great ways to motivate an employee to increase job performance? A performance review can act as motive for an employee to improve his/her productivity. Therefore, when an employee sees his goals clearly defined and is measured against the set goals and objectives, he can be motivated toRead MoreMechanisms Underlying Creative Performance : Employee Perceptions Of Intrinsic And Extrinsic Rewards1301 Words   |  6 PagesIn this study, Mechanisms Underlying Creative Performance: Employee Perceptions of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Rewards for Creativity, the authors Yoon et al. (2015) investigates creative performance based on effects of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards and proposes employees’ dedication to creativity may possibly activate a psychological state in the connection between rewards and creativity. In order to detect the boundary conditions, such as nature of rewards and the task context, when the differentRead MoreThe Intervention First Begins With The Singtel Sales Representatives1678 Words   |  7 Pagesincreases employee motivation as it allows employees a personal stake in the process (Gilley, Dixon Gilley, 2008). Employees can use the forum to provide constructive feedback and innovation suggestions for the organisation. The forum creates a conducive environment for the company as employees are motivated to enforce and handle the new changes, and thus, increasing their dedication to the success of the organisational changes. Gilley et al. (2008), highlighted the benefits of employee involvementRead MoreOperations of Goodwill Industries International1190 Words   |  5 Pagesemployment placement services, job training as well as other community-based programs for individuals who are disabled, lack education or any job experience or face emplo yment challenges. Our analysis indicated that the huge gap or disparity between CEO and average employee pay resulted in low motivation among the workers.The paper explores the theoretical underpinnings of employee motivation as well as ways of improving employee motivation. Transformational leadership and employee reward systems prove toRead MoreThe Effect Of Flexible Work Programs On Employee Motivation1145 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effect of Flexible Work Programs on Employee Motivation Overview Since the 1990s, many single parents have entered the workforce and their children are suffering as a result. These working parents are forced to leave their children to raise themselves while they work rigid schedules. Meanwhile, many children are not receiving the guidance and attention they need to flourish in society. This leaves our future in the hands of children without the necessary guidance needed to succeed. RecentlyRead More In-Depth Summary of Expectancy Theory Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesIn-Depth Summary of Expectancy Theory In today’s organization, there is a need for ways in which to effectively motivate employees. Expectancy theory addresses the underlying issues that are associated with the belief that a performance or outcome is attainable. Developed initially by Edward Tolman and Kurt Levin, introduction of the theory into the workplace was not achieved until quite some time later by Victor Vroom (Bradt, 1996). It is his first utilization of the theory that enabled othersRead MoreIntroduction. Sns Is A Marketing And Public Relations Company1544 Words   |  7 Pagesengaged employee pool that will provide exceptional customer service to the clients. Over the next several months, SNS will implement various motivational tools to encourage and reward creativity, insight, teamwork and enthusiasm. The Importance of Motivation In today’s demanding work environment, employee engagement can be a challenging task. Understanding the importance of motivating employees is vital to the success of the company. Rabideau (2005) states that motivation is the correlation betweenRead MoreImpact Of Oc On Employee Performance1172 Words   |  5 PagesImpact of OC on employee/organisational performance There is a common consensus that employees behaviours are shaped by their culture (Denison, 1984, Furnham and Gunter, 1993). In an organisational context, management interest in a culture lies in what impact culture can have on the commercial or financial performance of a firm. Organisational performance (which is derived from employee performance) or success implies to the contributions or productivity of employees of an organisation. ResearchRead MoreOrganizational Performance Of Leaders And Managers1549 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"There is no question that the performance of leaders and managers can have a truly significant impact on organisational performance, both in the immediate and longer term.† (Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, 2012, p8) ‘It is still an inescapable fact that people are the main resource of any organisation. Without its members an organisation is nothing. An organisation is only as good as the people who work within it.’ (Mullins, 2013). In the current economic climate it is vital thatRead MoreTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE1110 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation can be a key-contributing factor in employee performance. It is of great importance to an organization to recognize ways in which it can use employee motivation to positively affect employee performance. The methods used by organizations to motivate its employees are essential in determining how they affect employee performance. There are both positive and negative motivational tools that may be explored. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between motivation and Correlation Between Employee Motivation And Job... Mathew, Ushus; Johnson, Johney Introduction The human resource is vital for any organization, as it is important to manage organizational employee happiness. Motivation has long been seen as a positive indicator of job performance. What are some great ways to motivate an employee to increase job performance? A performance review can act as motive for an employee to improve his/her productivity. Therefore, when an employee sees his goals clearly defined and is measured against the set goals and objectives, he can be motivated to work harder (Mathew, Johnson). In this review, I will look at and explore the multiple arguments of the management research articles. So, the question I must ask is this: Is there a positive correlation between employee motivation and job performance? Body 1 Managers leading the way as motivators Kyle A. Huggins, Darin W. White and Jessica Stahl What is the impact of sales associates’ emotional intelligence on sales performance? Marketing research has begun to highlight the impact that salespeople’s deliberate and intuitive judgments can have on sales outcomes. More recently, research studies evaluate both intuitive and deliberate information processing together, finding that salespeople who accurately perceive both processing styles more easily adapt to their customers’ desires (Locander, Mulki, and Weinberg 2014) and improve sales performance by more than 130% (Hall, Ahearne, and Sujan 2015). We contend this ability is directly tied toShow MoreRelatedCorrelation Between Employee Motivation And Job Performance Essay1098 Words   |  5 Pagesorganization. An employee performance appraisal can act as motivation for an employee to improve his productivity. When an employee sees his goals clearly defined and is measured against the set goals and objectives, a need can be identified about the future strategies of employee motivation. In this review, I will look at and explore the multiple arguments of the management research articles. So, the question I must ask: is there a positive correlation between employee motivation and job performance? BodyRead MoreMechanisms Underlying Creative Performance : Employee Perceptions Of Intrinsic And Extrinsic Rewards1301 Words   |  6 PagesIn this study, Mechanisms Underlying Creative Performance: Employee Perceptions of Intrinsic and Extrinsic Rewards for Creativity, the authors Yoon et al. (2015) investigates creative performance based on effects of intrinsic and extrinsic rewards and proposes employees’ dedication to creativity may possibly activate a psychological state in the connection between rewards and creativity. In order to detect the boundary conditions, such as nature of rewards and the task context, when the differentRead MoreThe Intervention First Begins With The Singtel Sales Representatives1678 Words   |  7 Pagesincreases employee motivation as it allows employees a personal stake in the process (Gilley, Dixon Gilley, 2008). Employees can use the forum to provide constructive feedback and innovation suggestions for the organisation. The forum creates a conducive environment for the company as employees are motivated to enforce and handle the new changes, and thus, increasing their dedication to the success of the organisational changes. Gilley et al. (2008), highlighted the benefits of employee involvementRead MoreOperations of Goodwill Industries International1190 Words   |  5 Pagesemployment placement services, job training as well as other community-based programs for individuals who are disabled, lack education or any job experience or face employment challenges. Our analysis indicated that the huge gap or disparity between CEO and average employee pay resulted in low motivation among the workers.The paper explores the theoretical underpinnings of employee motivation as well as ways of improving employee motivation. Transformational leadership and employee reward systems prove toRead MoreThe Effect Of Flexible Work Programs On Employee Motivation1145 Words   |  5 PagesThe Effect of Flexible Work Programs on Employee M otivation Overview Since the 1990s, many single parents have entered the workforce and their children are suffering as a result. These working parents are forced to leave their children to raise themselves while they work rigid schedules. Meanwhile, many children are not receiving the guidance and attention they need to flourish in society. This leaves our future in the hands of children without the necessary guidance needed to succeed. RecentlyRead More In-Depth Summary of Expectancy Theory Essay1243 Words   |  5 PagesIn-Depth Summary of Expectancy Theory In today’s organization, there is a need for ways in which to effectively motivate employees. Expectancy theory addresses the underlying issues that are associated with the belief that a performance or outcome is attainable. Developed initially by Edward Tolman and Kurt Levin, introduction of the theory into the workplace was not achieved until quite some time later by Victor Vroom (Bradt, 1996). It is his first utilization of the theory that enabled othersRead MoreIntroduction. Sns Is A Marketing And Public Relations Company1544 Words   |  7 Pagesengaged employee pool that will provide exceptional customer service to the clients. Over the next several months, SNS will implement various motivational tools to encourage and reward creativity, insight, teamwork and enthusiasm. The Importance of Motivation In today’s demanding work environment, employee engagement can be a challenging task. Understanding the importance of motivating employees is vital to the success of the company. Rabideau (2005) states that motivation is the correlation betweenRead MoreImpact Of Oc On Employee Performance1172 Words   |  5 PagesImpact of OC on employee/organisational performance There is a common consensus that employees behaviours are shaped by their culture (Denison, 1984, Furnham and Gunter, 1993). In an organisational context, management interest in a culture lies in what impact culture can have on the commercial or financial performance of a firm. Organisational performance (which is derived from employee performance) or success implies to the contributions or productivity of employees of an organisation. ResearchRead MoreOrganizational Performance Of Leaders And Managers1549 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"There is no question that the performance of leaders and managers can have a truly significant impact on organisational performance, both in the immediate and longer term.† (Department for Business, Innovation and Skills, 2012, p8) ‘It is still an inescapable fact that people are the main resource of any organisation. Without its members an organisation is nothing. An organisation is only as good as the people who work within it.’ (Mullins, 2013). In the current economic climate it is vital thatRead MoreTHE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN EMPLOYEE MOTIVATION AND PERFORMANCE1110 Words   |  5 PagesMotivation can be a key-contributing factor in employee performance. It is of great importance to an organization to recognize ways in which it can use employee motivation to positively affect employee performance. The methods used by organizations to motivate its employees are essential in determining how they affect employee performance. There are both positive and negative motivational tools that may be explored. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationship between motivation and

Can Literature Spark Cultural Difference - 1185 Words

Can literature spark cultural difference? â€Å"A Little child with such a big heart that will be broken en crumbled everything falls apart†. A literature poem that is beautifuly and creatvly assembled using words. This poem has a deap meaning about out society and how we indivaduals are so influnced by it. Eventually, society corruptes our purity and made us crumble until everything falled apart. In this world, literature is used and seen in many different forms, and through this forms we see profound effects in their time and even after that. We can see how literature influences modern society, and how most of the ideas were spread through some kind of literature form. We see the spark of cultural change through influential works of literature, and these works take the forms of writings, movies, or songs. These forms go on to change the core of culture, so we can see a different world every time. It causes us to be very manipulated by the message it spreads out. Literature d oes spark cultural change using influential works like the Bible, or the song ‘Fireworks’ by Katy perry and even poems like ‘Still I Rise’ by Maya Angelou. These kinds of influntial works tend to spark cultural change throught inspiration and knowledge. One of the ways literature sparks cultural change would be, by the inspirational works that have formed into songs and poems. A poem, for example, tends to give people the strength they need to overcome a problem, reach a goal, or let go of theirShow MoreRelatedStudents Are Not Entering The Classroom With The Knowledge And Understanding Of Multicultural Education762 Words   |  4 Pagesthe knowledge and understanding of the importance of multicultural literature. The students are suffering due to the lack of diverse reading literature incorporated into units of reading study. There is a need for staff developments and in-services to help educate teachers on ways to provide multicultural literacy awareness in primary schools. Objectives †¢ To heightening the awareness of the importance of multicultural literature in early grades. †¢ To prepare educators for diversity in the classroomRead MoreThe Images And Classrooms Are Displayed With A Fair Depiction Of Diversity962 Words   |  4 PagesWithin Earle Brown, the images and classrooms are displayed with a fair depiction of diversity. People of different races, genders, and cultural beliefs are represented, much like the student population found at the elementary school. Earle Brown is an IB school; therefore, it could be argued that there is more of a need to represent a worldly view. There are signs in both English and Spanish found throughout the school, as well as clocks displaying different time zones across the world. Upon enteringRead MoreA Brief Note On Diabetes And Pregnancy Among First Nations Women By Oster, Mayan, And Toth1605 Words   |  7 Pages 2014). The significance of this research is evident: First Nations women who experience diabetes in pregnancy identify supportive relationships, resources, and cultural support as essential to maintaining healthy behaviours (Oster et al., 2014). By implementing a person-centered approach to care, healthcare providers such as nurses can work with First Nations women who are pregnant to help them acquire the knowledge necessary to manage their diabetes and to connect traditional and mainstream healthRead MoreThe Importance Of Literature In Literature937 Words   |  4 PagesGiving children access to all varieties of literature is extremely important for their success. Educators should help students develop a love and passion for learning. Reading and understanding it plays a big role in this, not only is reading important in developing cognitive skills, but it is valuable for other reasons as well. Although there are countless values in exposing children to literature it gives students appre ciation about their own values as well as those of others it helps studentsRead MoreKevin Jiang. Ms Westermann. Eng2Db. 28 March 2017. The1410 Words   |  6 Pagestheir fault and can serve many benefits. One benefit would not doubt be the lack of bias the youth have about any subject. When Walter Cunningham was invited to the Finch’s for dinner, he â€Å"poured syrup on his vegetables and meat with a generous hand† and how he â€Å"probably have poured it into his milk glass had [Scout] not asked what the sam hill he was doing†(32). As rude as this may seem, Scout has a sense of fairness that if she cannot pour molasses over everything, then why can Walter â€Å"drow[n]Read MoreThroughout a lifetime, only so much conflict could be bore upon oneself. There is always a1000 Words   |  4 Pagesman vs. man, with the conflict between Heathcliff and Edgar, as well as a conflict of man vs. self, with the inner conflict that Catherine faces in deciding between Heat hcliff and Edgar. Every story has conflicts, similarities, literary devices, cultural happenings, and even more. The question to be asked is ‘Why?’, ‘Why is there a conflict?’ or ‘Why is the author saying that?’. Upon reading Beowulf, Canterbury Tales, Sir Gawain and the Green Knight, Le Morte d’Arthur, Macbeth, and Wuthering HeightsRead MoreLiterature And Everyday Life : Toni Morrison s The Dark, And White Privilege And Male Privilege Essay1699 Words   |  7 Pagesplays in literature to its looming existence in our everyday lives, race has an undeniable influence on many aspects of our lives. Toni Morrison and Peggy McIntosh, a writer and an activist respectively, both have the urge to understand this presence and impact of race in literature and everyday life specifically. Through self-reflection and attempts to see from others’ perspectives, both Morrison and McIntosh manage to answer their own questions regarding race and i ts role in literature and everydayRead MoreThe Conflict Sparked By Irrational Thinking1602 Words   |  7 Pageswhat is an abusive relationship? In today’s society, we see abusive relationships in our own lives, movies, and literature. â€Å"Domestic abuse occurs when one person in an intimate relationship or marriage tries to dominate and control the other person† (Domestic Violence and Abuse). Signs that one is in an abusive relationship include feeling self-loathing, helpless, and desperate. Abuse can be divided up into four main categories, dominance, isolation, humiliation, and intimidation. Dominance consistsRead MoreLiterature Through The Use Of Ethnographies1389 Words   |  6 Pagesliterature through the use of Ethnographies. By doing so, Anthropologists initiate on-going conversations within this field, engaging in a plethora of topic ideas and research studies. This does not only create a platform for discussion but permits a variety of opinions amongst so cial findings that continue to develop our understanding of societal behaviours. This notion is evident in Undoing Kinship which explores the meaning of Kinship and further, how it is understood and exercised in differentRead MoreWays of Seeing1748 Words   |  7 Pagesadvertisers are fighting for every spot they get to display their ads and market their products. The ultimate aim is to get as much exposure as possible. This in turn, they hope, will translate into sales. The literature â€Å"Ways of Seeing – Part 7† underlines the theory of publicity. I chose this literature because it elucidates the backbone of marketing and advertising – publicity. It interests me because designers and advertisers revolve their careers around for many years in order to obtain ‘Publicity’

Object-oriented Programming and Recommendation Summary Free Essays

Clark College of Science and Technology SNS Bldg. , Aurea St. Samsonville Subd. We will write a custom essay sample on Object-oriented Programming and Recommendation Summary or any similar topic only for you Order Now , Dau, Mabalacat, Pampanga A project study presented to the Faculty of the Computer Programming In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the title of Object Oriented Programming Language Tungol, Axel-Yor Gomez, Christallane Velarde, Patrick John Santos, Renato Astraquillo, Angelo Clark College of Science and Technology SNS Bldg. , Aurea St. Samsonville Subd. , Dau, Mabalacat, Pampanga A project study presented to the Faculty of the Computer Programming In partial fulfillment of the requirements For the title of Object Oriented Programming Language Tungol, Axel-Yor Gomez, Christallane Velarde, Patrick John Santos, Renato Carino, Joy Valerie Astraquillo, Angelo AKNOWLEDGEMENT DEDICATION TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER I: Project and Its Background Introduction Theoretical Framework Conceptual Framework Statement of the Problem Objectives of the Study Significance of the Study Scope and Delimitation CHAPTER II: Review on Related Literature Review on Local Literature Review on Foreign Literature CHAPTER III: Research Design and Procedures Research Methodology Research Instrument Context Diagram Zero Diagram Data Flow Diagram System Requirements CHAPTER IV: Photographic Documentation Screenshots Description and Codes Database Table Project Schedule CHAPTER V: Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation Summary Conclusion Recommendation FIGURES Figure1Context Diagram Figure2Zero Diagram Figure3Data Flow Diagram Figure4Splash Form Figure5Log-In Forms Figure6Main Menu Figure7Farrowing Schedules Figure8Pay Roll CHAPTER I INTRODUCTION PROBLEMS AND ITS BACKGROUND DCTHILLSFARM is a farm bought by Domie C. Tungol and Erlinda V. Tungol in year 1998, located in Sapang Bato, Angeles City. DCTHILLSFARM’s business just got approved and it needs a system for it to start. Surely because of the news that DCTHILLSFARM is going to start its business, many people will want to join, and it will need a system to keep track of the employees and their payroll. Because the business is just about to start, there’s yet is no system for the farm to use. Through studying the problem, the researchers came up with an idea to make a computerized payroll system with a special feature that helps the farm keep track of the farrowing schedules of the pigs. SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS Minimum Hardware Requirements: Processor: Pentium IV or Higher Hard Disk: 80 GB or Higher Memory: 512 MB or Higher Monitor: SVGA Monitor (800Ãâ€"600 and 32-bitcolor) Keyboard: Standard Keyboard Mouse: Optical Mouse Printer: Printing Device (Ink Jet / Dot Matrix) Software Specification Operating System: Microsoft Windows XP or Higher Application Software: CHAPTER V SUMMARY CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION SUMMARY CONCLUSION RECOMMENDATION THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK Now a days, technology became very essential in all establishment. From the early days, people are capable of using pens and papers on their daily dealings. The transformation of this setup improved because of the different technologies. Computerized Payroll system is an application that will help the DCTHILLSFARM’s to keep track of the payroll of its employees. The system can be useful in computing the payroll of the employees especially to the owner it minimize their works. CONCEPTUAL FRAMEWORK The researchers of the study are developing a kind of proposal, which is the Computerized Payroll that can easily compute the salary of the employees to make their works easier and more accurately. In order to solve the problem of the DCTHILL’SFARM’s, the people behind the study gathered information on how these things to be done. The system can be useful in computing the salary of the employee especially to the owner it minimize their works. STATEMENTS OF THE PROBLEM The study seeks to find solution and betterment with the manual payroll. Because of the said system, problems occur. GENERAL PROBLEM The manual payroll system of the DCTHILLSFARM’s makes the owner more stressful, sometimes they created Human errors in computing the salary of their employee and the works of the owner are process in a slowly manner. SPECIFIC PROBLEM * Difficulty in Computing Because of the manual system the owner is having difficulty in computing the salary of the employees one by one. Time Consuming Through the manual system, the owner consumes time in computing all of the salary of the Employees OBJECTIVES OF THE PROBLEM GENERAL OBJECTIVES SPECIFIC PROBLEM * Rapidness in Process * Easy in Computing * Less Consume in Time SIGNIFICANCE OF STUDY TO THE STUDENTS TO THE TEACHERS TO THE SCHOOL TO THE FUTURE RESEARCHERS SCOPE AND DELIMITATION SCOPE DELIMITATION CHAPTER II REVIEW ON LOCAL AND FOREIGN LITERATURE REVIEW ON LOCAL LITERATURE REVIEW ON FOREIGN LITERATURE CHAPTER III RESEARCH DESIGN AND PROCEDURES RESEARCH METHODOLOGY RESEARCH INSTRUMENT How to cite Object-oriented Programming and Recommendation Summary, Essay examples

Analyzing the Board & Management Structure-Samples for Students

Questions: 1.Provide Information on the Board and Management Structure and Critically Comment on these with regards to Corporate Governance Matters. 2.Critically Comment on the Independence of the Directors of the Company chosen, Independence of the auditors of your chosen Company, Split of Position of Chairman and Chief Executive Officer (CEO) 3.Choose one Corporate Scandal that Occurred in any one of these Countries: USA, Australia, Brazil, India or United Kingdom between 2010 and 2016 and highlight the Corporate Governance Issues regarding the Scandal. Answers: Introduction Organizations are accompanied by complex set of activities in which various functions are performed with a view to achieve certain goals and objectives. It is observed that organization being a separate legal entity operated and owned by different persons. Directors and managers are the key persons who take all the strategic decisions with a view to achieve certain goals and objective. This report has been prepared on the basis of information reflected by Acer group in its annual report. Annual report of Acer group is accompanied by financial and non financial information. Currently, with the increasing ramification of economic changes and complex business conditions, all the strategic decisions in company for its future growth are taken by its 7 appointed directors. This report is divided into several part started with the corporate governance mechanism of company. After that, independence of directors and auditors of Acer group has been taken into consideration. Afterward, differen ces in chairman and chairperson position have been described in determined approach. This report reflects the several financial and non-financial details of Acer group (Acer Group, 2016). Body context Key managerial persons are those individuals who make all the strategic decisions in the organizations such as chief financial officer, directors, managers and other executive directors. In Acer group, all the strategic decisions are taken by the board of directors of Acer group by passing resolution in board meeting (Cohen, Krishnamoorthy Wright, 2017). 1.Corporate governance matter The Board of directors of company held six meeting with in the period of Jan,1, 2015 to May 12, 2016. However, three independent directors named F.C. Tseng, Ji-Ren Lee and Chin-Cheng Wu have attended this meeting in order to evaluate any possible discrepancy and negative business functioning of organizations. As per the corporation act it is given that every organizations should have at least 1/3 independent directors in its board meeting. These independent directors make proper level of assessment in the business functioning of organization and determine whether directors are taking all the decisions in the best interest of organizations. It is observed after evaluating annual report of company that company has been complying with all the laws and regulations with a view to establish proper corporate governance mechanism (Borokhovich, et al. 2014). However, it is observed that Acer group does not have any discrepancies in complying with corporate governance best practice principles for TWSE/GTSM listed companies. It is determined that company has maintained centralized management decision decisions system. All the legal and compliance matter is handled by the legal department of organizations (DeZoort Harrison, 2016). There are several legal representatives of the directors such as Carolyn Yeh who represent Hung Rouan executive directors of company. All the directors of company are inclined towards complying with all the legal rules and regulations. In addition to this, being a listed company has also complied with all the applicable listed rules and regulations. This company has also established proper level of appropriate risk control mechanism according the organizational culture and governing rules and regulations and company governing laws. Acer group has also initiated insider trading rules and regulations on all the directors with a view to prevent the insider trading business functioning of organizations (Claessens Yurtoglu, B. B. (2013). This commit tee assists organizations to comply with the different legal and non legal requirements in determined approach. For instant, audit committee of Acer group will ensure that company has been reflecting true and fair view in its financial statement, remuneration committee of organization will also helps in determining the proper level of remuneration distributions in the value chain activities of organizations (Lee, Lee Nagarajan, 2014). 2.Independence of directors Each and every organization has to hire 1/3rd of total directors as independent directors who do not have any kind of pecuniary relationship with company. These directors are the trustee to shareholders and organizations who works in the best interest of organizations. It is evaluated that there are several independent directors in Acer group such as F.C. Tseng, Ji- Ren Lee and chin-Cheng Wu who are working in the best interest of shareholders. However, it is considered that if Acer group and its board of directors want to pass any resolution in company then they have to take unanimous approval of all the independent directors in the business functioning of organizations (Tricke Tricker, 2015). These directors have no interest in the business functioning since last three years. They are hired as independent person who will evaluate all the business decisions and board decision. However, government on international level has accepted this independency of directors as mandatory requir ement for the better control on the internal business functioning of organizations. The Acer group has managed to hire 3 independent directors to take control of managerial functions. These F.C. Tseng, Ji- Ren Lee and chin-Cheng Wu do not have any past relation with the company and has no pecuniary relation with the business of Acer group. These independent directors will monitor the insider trading activities and other discrepancies with a view to run business effectively. In order to make proper level of compliance with corporation act, company has initiated audit committee, compensation committee, transformation committee and Assets Management committee in organizations. These committees will be comprised on at least 1 independent director for the proper level of surveillance. These F.C. Tseng, Ji- Ren Lee and chin-Cheng Wu do not have any do not have any relation with the affiliated company and do not have any single shares of company. They also do not have any martial relation with other directors of company and do no indulge in second degree of kinship with any other director of company. They also do have any shares and business partitions in any financial institutions and banks. Therefore, as per the remark given by auditors of company and details given in the annual report of company it is revealed that these three directors are independent and do not have any pecuniary relation with the company. Independence of auditors Auditors are the persons who check the financial statement and annual report of company and qualify the report in determined approach. It is evaluated that auditors of Acer group are indulged in evaluation, improvement and planning of Acers internal business operations with a view to increase its true and faire view of its financial positions. Internal auditor of Acer group both regular and ad hoc reviews of risk management control procedure and result provided by these auditors are taken into account by the board of directors of company (Soh Martinov-Bennie,2015). Auditor of Acer group is KPMG which is certified public accountant firm who audit the reports and financial statement of company. There are two auditors Huei-Chen change and Agnes Yang who audit the financial report of organizations. It is determined that these auditors are independent auditors and do not have any financial and non financial relation with the business functioning of Acer group. KPMG is accompanied with va rious certified public accountants who are indulged in auditing financial reports of different companies. Company has two independent auditors Huei-Chen change and Agnes Yang who audit the financial report of organizations and passed unreserved disclaimer on the financial report of organizations (Hui, Matsunaga, 2014). In addition to this, these auditors do not have any financial and non financial benefits from the company. Auditors of Acer group are the trustee for the stakeholders and they have to work in the best interest of the organization at large. Acer engaged KPMG to perform independent limited assurance in accordance with International financial reporting standards and ISAE3000 on this report of which company has applied GRI G4 core option. In addition to this, KPMG has also audited the financial statement and annual report of parent company of Acer group and issued modified qualified and unqualified opinion on the same. (Acer Group, 2016) These auditors have conducted audit in accordance with the regulations governing auditing and certification of financial statements by the certified public accountants an auditing standard. In addition to this, all the consolidated financial statement of all the parents and subsidiaries company of Acer group has been audited by the certified public accountants of KPMG. Therefore, by evaluating the annual report of company, it has been considered that Acer group has hired independent auditor for auditing the financial report of company. However, KPMG has also audited financial statement of its parent company but it has not affected its independency while auditing the financial report of Acer group (Needles Crosson, 2007). Split of position of chairperson and chief executive officer. After evaluating the financial and non financial details of company, it is considered that George Huang is the chairman of company who is making all the imperative decision for the Acer group (Cornforth Macmillan, 2014). It is person who will help in convening the board meeting for passing board resolution in organizations. The chairman is the person who would be selected by the board of directors by their unanimous consent. He will be responsible in discussing the matter with the directors, counting vote and also will give his consent on the particular topic which has got tie due to same number of negative and positive votes on the subject matter. He will be the sole persons who will hear all matters of directors of company (Quigley Hambrick, 2015). His major role is to conduct the board meeting and host it to till the completion of that meeting. However, chief executive officer is the person who will make all the internal and external business decisions. All the employee of Acer group will be directly accustomed to act as per the instructions and directions given by chief executive officer. In the Acer group, J.T. wang assumed the position of chairman and chief executive officer, while Glanfranco stepped into the role of president of Acer incorporation (Menz Scheef, 2014). Therefore, it could be inferred that both the position are very important for smooth running of business. CEO of company will take care of all the internal and external business functioning while on the other hand chairperson helps directors to take their strategic decision making with a view to create shield against external environment changes. There are several other differences between CEO and Chairman such as position, power and work features. However, CEO is considered at superior position than chairman. Chairman helps in conducting the meetings and passing resolution in general and board meeting while, chief financial officer takes all the managerial and business decision for the betterment of organizations. However, all the business department of Acer group such as regional operations, New Core Biz, New value creation Biz and supporting functions will be accustomed to act as per the instructions and directions of chief executive officer of company. As per the corporation act and listed rules and regulation, it is considered that chief executive officer of company need not to be independent persons but a chairperson or chairman should be independent director who do not have any kind of pecuniary benefits from the organization (Brigham Ehrhardt, 2016). 3.Corporate scandal The study has been prepared to show the corporate scam which took place in India. After several corporate scandals, Sahara was one of the major corporate scam. In this scam Security Exchange Board of India failed to detect or put penalties on the companys wrong practices due to the political pressure. Sahara failed to refund all the money to its investors and due to which SEBI had to impose penalties on it. However, due to high political pressure SEBI failed to impose penalty on it. With the increasing illegal business practice of Sahara and ramified changes in the business functioning of Sahara promoters of the company Subrata Roy had to come up with non ethical and illegal business practice to save the company from the penalties (Khandelwal, 2017) Conclusion This report reflects core aspects of Acer group in determined approach. The main consideration in report is made on the details given in the annual report of company. It is considered that each and every organization should have at least 1/3rd independent directors who could act as trustee for the stakeholders in organizations. Acer group has complied with all the applicable rules and regulations in determined approach. It has maintained effective level of corporate governance mechanism. In addition to this, chairman should also indulge in managing the board meeting while; on the other hand, chief executive officer should make all the imperative business decisions for the organizations. References Acer Group, (2016) Annual report. Retrieved on 21st June, 2017 from https://static.acer.com/up/Resource/AcerGroup/Investor_Relations/Annual_Reports/20170407/annual_reports_2015.pdf Borokhovich, K. A., Boulton, T. J., Brunarski, K. R., Harman, Y. S. (2014). The incentives of grey directors: Evidence from unexpected executive and board chair turnover.Journal of Corporate Finance,28, 102-115. Brigham, E.F. Ehrhardt, M.C. (2016). Account Finance. Cengage Learning, PP 1-549. Claessens, S., Yurtoglu, B. B. (2013). Corporate governance in emerging markets: A survey.Emerging markets review,15, 1-33. Cohen, J., Krishnamoorthy, G., Wright, A. (2017). Enterprise risk management and the financial reporting process: The experiences of audit committee members, CFOs, and external auditors.Contemporary Accounting Research,34(2), 1178-1209. Cornforth, C., Macmillan, R. (2014). The evolving relationship between chairs and chief executives: A negotiated order perspective. In11th International Conference of the International Society for Third-Sector Research (ISTR), Munster, Germany. DeZoort, F. T., Harrison, P. D. (2016). Understanding auditors sense of responsibility for detecting fraud within organizations.Journal of Business Ethics, 1-18. Hui, K. W., Matsunaga, S. R. (2014). Are CEOs and CFOs Rewarded for Disclosure Quality?.The Accounting Review,90(3), 1013-1047. Lee, J., Lee, K. J., Nagarajan, N. J. (2014). Birds of a feather: Value implications of political alignment between top management and directors.Journal of Financial Economics,112(2), 232-250. Menz, M., Scheef, C. (2014). Chief strategy officers: Contingency analysis of their presence in top management teams.Strategic Management Journal,35(3), 461-471. Needles, B Crosson, S. (2007).Managerial Accounting.Boston: CengageLearning. Quigley, T. J., Hambrick, D. C. (2015). Has the CEO effect increased in recent decades? A new explanation for the great rise in America's attention to corporate leaders.Strategic Management Journal,36(6), 821-830. Soh, D. S., Martinov-Bennie, N. (2015). Internal auditors perceptions of their role in environmental, social and governance assurance and consulting.Managerial Auditing Journal,30(1), 80-111. Tricker, R. B., Tricker, R. I. (2015).Corporate governance: Principles, policies, and practices. Oxford University Press, USA. Khandelwal, V. (2017). Sahara Indias Downturn; A Study on Awareness and Customers

How does the temperature of hydrochloric acid affect the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium Essay Example

How does the temperature of hydrochloric acid affect the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium Essay This coursework is aimed to find out the rate of reaction between hydrochloric acid and magnesium in different temperature. The product of this chemical reaction is magnesium chloride and hydrogen.Safety:We should wear lap coat and wear goggles when doing this experiment, because acid is corrosive and irritant, especially when you boil it, it is very easy to spit into your eyes and it is harmful, so we must keep wearing on the goggles all the time. Lap coat is also needed to protect our skin from contacting the acid. If our skin contact with the acid, we should immediately wash it under the tab water. Magnesium is highly flammable, so we should keep it away from the fire. We should also be careful when using the syringe and other glassware.Preliminary work:In this preliminary work, the aim is to find out the suitable length of magnesium ribbon, the suitable concentration of acid and the suitable volume of the acid, and the temperature range I plan to investigate. I tried a 3 of magne sium ribbon but it gives out too little gas (35) which is very hard to measure and 7 are too long, due to magnesiums mass, it is lighter than acid, so it is floating on the acid which means its surface area are not all contacting with the acid, which makes the test unfair, so I figure out 5of the magnesium ribbon, (gives out about 55of hydrogen) is the best. At first, I planned to use 50% acid (10 water and 10of acid) but when find out that the hydrogen given out are so fast that which is very hard to measure. It is also very hard to draw the graph if not enough results are collected, Also because of very little volume, it is very hard to control the temperature, so I decided to use 20of acid and 40of water which is about 33% acid is the best, it is much more easy to control the temperature and the speed of giving out hydrogen are not too fast. I tried to heat up the acid to about 90 degree Celsius but the acid began to evaporate which affect the concentration of the acid, so I will use 5 degree Celsius as a range each time and 60 degree Celsius is the maximum.Method:Firstly I measure out 5 of magnesium and weight it. Then I put 20of hydrochloric acid in to a measuring cylinder, 40of distilled water into another measuring cylinder, then put them both into a conical flask and stir it. Secondly I boil it to about 5 degrees below the temperature because it will keep on rising after taken away from the fire. Then I put in the thermometer to stir it and measure out the starting temperature, after that I put in the magnesium and put on the lid and start counting the time; I record down the volume of hydrogen given out every 15 seconds. Finally, record down the final temperature of the solution and the final volume of hydrogen given out.Apparatus using:Gauze x1Conical Flask x1Bunk x1Delivery tube x1Gas syringe x1Measuring cylinder x1Thermometer x1Bunsen burner x1Fireproof mat x1Stop clock x1Apparatus are Set-up as shown in the diagram.Word equation of this reaction:M agnesium + Hydrochloric acid ? Magnesium chloride + HydrogenEquation of this reaction:Mg(s) +2HCl(aq)?MgCl2 (aq)+H2 (g)Fair Test:In order to keep this as a fair test I just change the temperature and all others variables remain unchanged and reasons, such as:1) Particles size,If the size of the particle is changed, the surface area will difference, which means the contact surface are changed, if you use 5of magnesium ribbon, the reaction speed are different from 5 of magnesium powder, because powders surface area are much bigger than the ribbon, and it speeds up the reaction, which vary the result, so it is better to use magnesium ribbon, because it can keep the surface area a constant. (Collision Theory)2) Concentration of hydrochloric acid,If the concentration of the acid is changed, the particles of acid will varies and the collision will increase/decrease, and this will affect the speed of reaction therefore the test will not be fair and the results are not reliable, so the conc entration of the acid should keep at a constant. (Collision Theory)3) Volume of hydrochloric acid,I will use excess amount of acid because this experiment is aimed to find out the time needed and volume of hydrogen given out by a certain amount of magnesium, so excess amount of acid is needed to dissolve all the magnesium. If the amount is not enough which means it cannot dissolve all the magnesium and it cant keep this test fair.Prediction:I predict the reactions between the acid and magnesium will be faster as you increase the temperature, when you heat up the acid, the acid particles are more active and move more faster, so there will be more collisions between the magnesium particles and the acid particles, therefore it will also increase the number of successful collisions which lead to increasing the speed of the reaction. (Collision Theory) I also predict the hydrogen given out will be much faster when you increase the temperature. When you plot out the graph, I predict it wi ll be like the following:I predict the graph should be straight line if not too many errors occur, because the amount of hydrogen released by a certain amount of magnesium should be the same, so that the time and temperature should be in direct proportion. Also I predict that this is going to be an exothermic reaction because of forming bonds between magnesium and chloride.Obtaining Results:The results collected from the experiments are shown on the table.Weight of Mg/gStarting temperature/?CFinal temperature /?CHydrogen given out/Time/sec0.0491821501530.0501822511410.0492528491030.051252850990.048303350700.051303349740.049353650590.052353549650.052404051490.050404051550.051454652450.049454651460.049504949380.05050515142Rate of hydrogen gas given out every 15 secs at 18?CTime/secVolume of hydrogen given out/experiment 1experiment 2Average15877.530131413.5451820196024262575293230.590353836.5105404341.5120454645.5135484747.5150505150.5Rate of hydrogen given out every 15 secs at 25?CTi me/secVolume of hydrogen given out/experiment 1experiment 2Average15101110.530192019.545282928.5603638377543454490485049105495049.5Rate of hydrogen given out every 10 secs at 30?CTime/secVolume of hydrogen given out/experiment 1experiment 2Average109109.52016181730262726.54033373550424543.56047494870504949.5Rate of hydrogen given out every 10 secs at 35?CTime/secVolume of hydrogen given out/experiment 1experiment 2Average10121111.520242022303331324042404150494647.560504949.5Rate of hydrogen given out every 5 secs at 40?CTime/secVolume of hydrogen given out/experiment 1Experiment 2Average51099.510161515.51522202120282727.525333031.530383838354345444047494845505150.550515151Rate of hydrogen given out every 5 secs at 45?CTime/secVolume of hydrogen given out/experiment 1Experiment 2Average5108910181416152622242033273025393436.5304640433550484940525151.5Rate of hydrogen given out every 5 secs at 50?CTime/secVolume of hydrogen given out/experiment 1experiment 2Average591110101923211526292 7.520323533.525394240.530454846.535495150Analysis:From the graph above, I decided to use a best-fit line in order to connect all the points together on the graph, and I recognise the beat-fit line is the best. From the above graphs, there is something obvious we could see.Firstly we can see that in first 7 graphs, every line start from the origin and it increase continuously, then the lines began to bend down at the end. Then the line stops as the magnesium finish. This tells that the speed of reacting is faster than the end of the reaction. And when all the magnesium is used up, the line stopped.Secondly, It is obvious that when the temperature becomes higher, the reaction becomes much faster (shown on the last two graphs), the gradient of 50 degree Celsius increase more rapidly than the 18 degree Celsius. Whcih means the slope of 50 degree Celsius is much more deeper than the 18 degree Celsius one.The deeper the slope, the faster than reaction takes place,it means the 50 degree Ce lsiuss reaction rate and the speed of reaction are much faster than the 18 degree Celsius one.This means that a higher temperature acid neutralise the magnesium much more faster and the rate of reaction is also faster than the low temperature ones, it means that when the temperature increase, the reaction becomes much more faster, it can be explained by the collision theory. When the temperature rise, the energy on each of the acid particles increase, as they move faster, there is a bigger chance to hit the magnesium particles, this also increase the percentage of successful collisions, as a result, the reaction becomes much more faster, so it takes less time to take the reaction as the temperature rise.Thirdly, the graphs also tell us that no matter what is the temperature, a certain amount of magnesium give out a certain volume of hydrogen gas. In the experiment Ive done, I can see that the average weight of the magnesium I used is 0.05g and the average hydrogen given out is 50.21 , so I recognise that 1 cm of magnesium ribbon weight about 0.01 gram and every 1 cm of magnesium ribbon give out about 10of hydrogen.Weight of Mg /gHydrogen given out /0.049500.050510.049490.051500.048500.051490.049500.052490.052510.050510.051520.049510.049490.050510.05050.21The experiments turn out mostly the same as my prediction, I predict that higher temperature makes the reaction faster, my prediction graph matches mostly to the result, I predict the temperature of the solution will rise after the reaction, and it turns out as I expected, then it also turns up that the rate of reaction will be faster as I increase the temperature which also match with my predictions. But there is also some difference, I predict the line will be a straight line but the result line turned out to have a little curve at the end, which means the rise of temperature is not directly proportion to the time of reaction, and it is differ from my prediction, I also predict that the volume of hydrogen gas will be the same, but the result tell me it isnt. I think this is because of errors, but anyway it still difference from my prediction.Evaluation:On overall, I think I have done the experiment quite well, I could draw some graphs by the result, and that turns out to be an acceptable results, so I think the overall results is acceptable, but there is still lots of ways that I can improve.Firstly, I done all the experiment by myself, which is a pretty hard job, I have to cover the bung onto the flask, start the stop clock, and put in the magnesium the same time , which is quite impossible to do all this three things at the same time. So it causes some errors, like the inaccurate of hydrogen measurement, as there is some gas loss between the time I put the magnesium in and cover the bung, and also that I didnt start the timer exactly the time the magnesium reacts with the acid. I think this could be improved if a group of people works together.Secondly, the weight of the magnesium is not being the same every time, which may vary the volume of hydrogen given out. This could hardly be improving, if we add in extra magnesium to make the weight the same, the contact surface will change which make it even worse.Thirdly, the concentration may not be a constant as the dilute acids concentration may not be the same when they are given to me .Human eyes are not reliable for accurate measurement, so the ratio of water and acid may varies when I use a measuring cylinder to measure the acid and the water. The acid which is heated may evaporate a bit. These are very hard to improve as human eyes cannot look at things very accurately, also I can just keep the temperature as low as possible to avoid the acid evaporate.Fourthly, the magnesium is always floating on the acid , which varies the contact surface area of the acid with the magnesium and it makes the result inaccurate.Lastly, the reading of the thermometer and the volume of gas syringe may not be very accurate, as I ha ve said , human eyes are not very reliable.Although there is lots of area, I still did all my best to keep the result more reliable and there are several things I can improve. I should measure the volume of hydrogen gas given out in a smaller range which can make the graphs more reliable and accurate, and I should do the experiment several more times and calculate out the average which can make my results more reliable and I should work in group of about three, which can keep the varieties as less as possible and make the experiment more accurate.

Definition and Examples of Binomials in Algebra

Definition and Examples of Binomials in Algebra A polynomial equation with two terms usually joined by a plus or minus sign is called a binomial. Binomials are used in algebra. Polynomials  with one term will be called a monomial and could look like 7x. A polynomial with two terms is called a binomial; it could look like 3x 9. It is easy to remember binomials as bi means 2 and a binomial will have 2 terms. A classic example is the following:  3x 4 is a binomial and is also a polynomial,  Ã‚  2a(ab) 2  is also a binomial (a and b are the binomial factors). The above are both binomials. When multiplying binomials, youll come across a term called the FOIL method which is often just the method used to multiply binomials.   For instance,  to find the product of 2 binomials, youll add the products of the First  terms, the Outer terms, the Inner terms, and the Last terms. When youre asked to square a binomial, it simply means to multiply it by itself. The square of a binomial will be a trinomial. The product of two binomials will be a trinomial. Example of Multiplying Binomials (5 4x) x (3 2x)(5 4x)(3 2x) (5)(3) (5)(2x) (4x)(3) (4x)(2i) 15 10x 12x 8(x)2 15 22x 8(-1) 15 22x - 8 (15 - 8) 22x 7 22x Once you begin taking  algebra in school, youll be doing a great many computations that require binomials and polynomials.

Cause and effect Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 4

Cause and effect - Essay Example It negatively affects a child’s health and well-being. It is a serious condition, which causes many heath problems as well as psychological problems for the children not only in their childhood but also in the adulthood. Lack of self-confidence is one of the major psychological effects of obesity on children. In addition, obese children do not find it easy to make friends because they are afraid of the comments that other children often pass to them. On the other hand, some of the most common health risks of childhood obesity revealed through various researches include joint pains, high level of cholesterol, heart problems, and high blood pressure. Smith (1999) states, â€Å"Obese people do not live as long as other people† (p. 5). Some other physical problems include inability to play games that require physical exertion and decrease in the stamina. There are various causes of childhood obesity. Some of the main causes include lack of focus towards physical exercises, genetics, and improper diet (Parizkova & Hills, 2005). Another cause of childhood obesity is poor nutritional habits. Researches prove that almost 45 percent of the obese children in the United States eat snacks and junk foods instead of taking a balanced diet. The poor diet choice of such children increase the level of fat in their bodies making them overweight as compared to other children of their age who take balanced diet daily. Moreover, some children like to play video games instead of playing such games, which require physical exertion. This trend in such children also leads to obesity. There exist some effective ways to control this medical problem. It can be controlled by taking balanced diet, doing physical exercises, and participating in social activities. Parents and teachers hold the responsibility to educate children about the effects of obesity to make them take balanced diet. Children should play more

Marketing strategy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 1

Marketing strategy - Essay Example TOMS shoes has been successful in coming up with trendy shoes that not only make their customers look good but also feel good. Their customers feel that they are making a difference by just purchasing TOMS shoes. The company uses the WIIFM philosophy which means ‘What’s in it for me’. They do this by offering high-quality shoes and also make their clients feel they are supporting a good cause (Russo 84). As you walk in the streets, you are likely to see a number of young people wearing TOMS shoes. This is because the company designs and markets trendy shoes that appeal most to the younger generation. To keep up with the current market trends, TOMS shoes has been forced to expand its product line and now offers a variety of shoes to their customers. One factor that distinguishes TOMS shoes is the fact that they have kept their promise of delivering free shoes for every shoe purchase made. Many businesses start with a good cause, but greed for money ends up ruining the company. The company also has goals and ensures that it meets its set goals. It is interesting to note that TOMS shoes are a profitable business and not a charity

Subject Knowledge Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Subject Knowledge - Essay Example me that because the cover letter not only lends a more professional touch to the resume, but also makes it more convenient for the employer to imagine the skills and capability of thee candidate for the job. The third change I made was removing the objective. It made little sense to put the statement of objective when the objective is otherwise quite obvious to every employer who gets his/her hands at my resume. The fourth change I made was removing the list of subjects I had studied in my graduation. Unnecessary details don’t impress the employers. They set the impression that the candidate did not have much to discuss in the resume so he/she has discussed the unnecessary. The fifth change I made was reorganizing the content. I changed the achievements to the reverse chronological order to show the latest achievements at the top and the oldest at the bottom. This was done with the intention to facilitate the employers in knowing my latest

The Royal Automobile Club business overview

The Royal Automobile Club business overview The Royal Automobile Club was founded in 1897 to provide its members with roadside assistance. It is part of a hugely competitive market where it is involved in a continual tussle with The AA and Green Flag for market superiority. There are fundamental problems in RACs current operations. Customer service is vital aspect of the roadside recovery business and this is where RAC are failing. RAC have had a rising in the number of customer complaints coupled with poor retention of customers. The RAC has to supply its services and respond quickly to all callouts but faces difficulty dealing with the variation in demand. The problems were outlined by Martin Connor, the director of Operations who claimed the only big winners seemed to be the contractors who provide capacity during the night and during periods of overloading. This is a time while the RACs own patrol staff are earning more despite a decline in productivity. The RAC uses private contractors during weekends and at also at night times, they also supplement day patrols if the demand is unexpectedly high. As the contractors dont carry the full RAC branding, customer service was less of a priority to them. Market research had indicated that customers were less satisfied with the service provided by private contractors. The use of such contractors was also expensive, with the average price being  £36 plus. After working a standard forty hour week, at busy periods staff were offered overtime or the option of being on standby. Overtime was paid at time and a half and double on Sundays. Staff had no motivation to complete work as quick as possible as they would be paid however long jobs took. Similarly the standby system was fraught with problems, staff were paid a flat fee of  £6 per job completed. There was no difference in pay with regard to simple jobs that would take a few minutes and more difficult jobs which could take a long time. Staff could log off at any point and would frequently do so if they were offered time consuming jobs. This would force the RAC into delegating to contractors at the much higher cost The patrol attendance rate measures how many of the jobs the RAC undertakes were dealt with by their own staff. In 1999 the rate was averaging 80%. The importance of a high PAR is underlined in the costs which suggest that just a 1% decrease would cost about  £1 million per year in contractors fees. .The RAC has a reputation for offering high quality service a but at a high price. It faced losing its market share as a number of competitors surfaced. It was faced with the problem of improving its operations whilst keeping its membership costs at a competitive price. In an independent survey the RAC was ranked 2nd to the AA in terms of customer satisfaction. The critical customer service factors are in the call taking and how quickly patrols are on the scene and complete the job. Due to more advanced call taking technology the AA was able to offer its members better customer service than the RAC. The importance of a low membership costs could not be underestimated as Green Flag, which had poor customer service feedback from the survey was becoming a leading competitor due to its low costs. The SWOT analysis shows where the RAC need to improve. SWOT analysis Strengths Strong brand Large customer base Good profitability Weaknesses Old fashioned image Capacity easily overloaded. Opportunities Innovative technology New products Threats Competition Technology of cars improving reduction in breakdowns Increased customer expectation Workforce scheduling / Capacity management Literature Review In service industries the matching of capacity and demand is particularly difficult. Capacity management plays an important role in determining how effectively an organisation uses its assets to produce income. (Sun Services, 2007) Capacity management is the ability to balance demand from customers and the ability of the service delivery system to satisfy the demand. (Armistead et al, 1991) There is either too much demand for the capacity, putting a strain on resources, or too little demand, giving rise to unused capacity and a loss in revenue. This is known as the perishability factor. (Mudie et al, 2006) Both of these are an issue for the RAC due to the numerous factors that influence the demand on the patrols such as the weather. The manner in which workforce is deployed is a large determinant of the effectiveness of service organisations. Having more staff than is necessary to provide the desired level of customer service is costly and having fewer staff than is necessary risks poor customer service and the loss of current or future revenue. In an ideal scenario the company has just enough staff available to provide the desired level of service. Temporal variation in customer demand, even within a day, compounds the difficulty of providing the ideal number of staff. One solution is the use of planning intervals of an hour or less, in conjunction with overlapping shifts, and then allowing the number of employees scheduled to change from period to period. The task of providing the right number of employees at the right time is commonly known as workforce scheduling. (Thompson et al 2006) Rotating workforce scheduling is a typical constraint satisfaction problem which appears in a broad range of work places (Musliu, 2005). Poor workforce scheduling often leads to high personnel turnover, absenteeism, resentment, poor job performance and unfit mental and physical conditions situations that translate to loss of productivity, quality and even safety (Hung, 1992) One method to solve capacity issues is to address the schedules of the workers, a re-arranged workweek can be a great recruitment tool. Many people are enthusiastic about receiving one or more extra off-days per week and longer weekends (for the 4-day workweek, there are 52 extra off-days per year). Moreover, fewer work days means including less time and money on commuting and less expenses on meals and childcare. (Hung, 1992) Another factor that can affect capacity is motivation. This can be influenced by shift patterns dictated. Motivation can be increased by adapting work times to individual needs which can change over time, better working conditions (such as security and hygiene), creation of a team spirit or through professional mobility. For example, highly skilled staff can act as tutors to new employees. (Chan et al, 2006). Part time workers can increase the flexibility of operations. A common trend amongst the literature is to offer discounted prices at times to level off the demand. This is a possibility for the RAC who could offer breakdown packages such as weekends only or off peak packages at substantially discounted prices. Competitive Analysis RAC The basic RAC policy starts at  £28. On average there patrols are able to fix 80% at the roadside. The RAC web-site has an active forum, where members can communicate with one another to give advice, this creates an online community. RAC will attend the first five callouts made by a member free of charge and offer priority for vulnerable motorists. Having over 2000 patrols and over 100 years experience are key selling points for the RAC. All labour and fittings costs are included in membership, so members only have pay for the part itself. RAC advertise offers worth over  £500 to try and lure in new members, they include discounts on health insurance, roadside restaurants and UK holidays. (RAC, 2010) Green Flag The Green Flag slogan is driven by performance, Green flag compare themselves to both the RAC and The AA by advertising its average time is under 30 minutes in contrast to their 40 minute average. The claim is backed up with data from 837,962 call outs. Its basic plan begins at  £20, they fix 86% of customers cars at the roadside. A key asset of green flag policies is the availability of the customer to adapt a policy to fit their own circumstances, you dont have to pay the price of other peoples problems . Green Flag offer no callout discounts to members and offer free, unlimited call-outs when you breakdown. They aim to answer calls within 20 seconds. Green flag operates solely through outside contractors, which has a negative affect on its customer service. (Green Flag, 2010) The AA The AA claim to fix more breakdowns by the roadside than anyone else they have strong customer satisfaction and boast 95% of members would recommend the firm to friends. On average the AA arrive within around 40 minutes of members calls. With 3500 patrols the AA has the largest dedicated breakdown patrol force in the UK,; they attend a breakdown on average every 8.7 seconds and repair around 8 out of 10 breakdowns by the roadside. Only the AA has VIxEN, a unique on-board computer to help diagnose faults. At night, as at other times of the day, the AA serves its members with its own patrols and, as with other breakdown providers and some garage agents, when appropriate. (The AA, 2010) Strategic performance objectives The Objective of the RAC is to provide a fast and quality service to its members who breakdown at the roadside. To do this they need to define what the key performance indicators are and what is the expected level. A key performance indicator is a metric that allows you to evaluate whether you are meeting a certain goal. The five kpis for breakdown companies are: Quality : the level of customer service and efficiency of the recovery Cost The cost the customer has to pay Dependability To always have patrols ready for jobs. Flexibility To adapt to unexpected rises in demand. Speed To answer calls quickly, patrol arrive quickly, job completed quickly Recommendations 1 in every 5 jobs completed are being outsourced to contractors costing the RAC a huge amount of money and risking its reputation from its members who have expressed dissastisfaction by the service they have received from such patrols. Clearly changes have to focus around ensuring more callouts are attended by RAC patrols. To do this firstly the RAC need to invest in new calling and dispatch process. More effective call technology can identify the patrol most suitable to undertake each job and can improve customer service relations. More effective utilisation of patrols will ease capacity issues. The overtime payments need to be re-structured so that is no longer based on a per job basis. The current system is open to abuse by patrols who would avoid difficult jobs by logging off. This a key reason for the excessive use of contractors. The pay structure needs to adjusted, Proposed would be a rating scale for the difficulty of jobs completed, patrols could then receive a monthly bonus based on there performance. changed to offer staff incentives and motivation to ensure customer service is top of their priority. These can include monthly bonuses or share schmes. In most cases it may be necessary to establish some scale of gradation of jobs based on some objective assessment and to relate jobs measured on this scale to rates of pay (Wild, 1991) The PAR is reducing by as much as 3% during peak holiday season. A 1% drop in PAR costs  £1 million per year in contractor fees. Holidays need to be re-reanged so that they are equally dispersed around the year. December and January are the busiest months so there must be a limt especially around this time. Monday is the busiest day of the week for the RAC with the weekend the quietist time Workforce schedules can also be adjusted, the current shift system doesnt work. One option would be to switch workers to a four day week. Workers could then have more social hours and capacity could be increased at peak periods. Needs to continue its investment in materials that help drivers fix there own faults, with a particular emphasis on problems caused by winter conditions. This can be the most effective measure to combat capacity problems. Phone operators can try an identify the causes of problems and offer the potential for the member to fix there own vehicle. The staff at RAC are approaching retirement and therefore RAC will need to attract new recruits. It is important that the knowledge built up by years of experience by the senior employees is utilised to enable the training of the new younger employers to be more effective. Staff should be encouraged to present any ideas to senior management that they believe would improve operations. With attractive incentives offered for any ideas that put into practice, the job satisfaction and motivation of employees would be likely to increase. There will be a resistance to change, particularly from the patrols who are seeking more social hours and a generally easier working schedule. The diagram above shows how the proposed changes could improve the operations of the RAC. The main advantage would be seen in the flexibility of the patrols. The RAC need to communicate more effectively with members who broke down. Breakdowns can be highly stressful situations and therefore knowing approximately how long it will take for a patrol to arrive will be a reassurance to the member.

Free Great Gatsby Essays: Social Relationships :: Great Gatsby Essays

Social Relationships in The Great Gatsby    Novelists are often concerned with exploring the confusions and complexities of social relationships. In the context, confusions refer to puzzling relationships, which are confusing to comprehend. Whereas, complexities relate to complicated and intricate issues. The different social relationships discussed in F.Scott Fitzgerald's novel, THE GREAT GASTBY, are business colleagues, lovers and married partners. The characters involved in these relationships consist of, Jay Gatsby, Daisy and Tom Buchanan, Myrtle and George Wilson, Jordan Baker, Mr. Wolshiem and Nick Carraway. Each character interacts with others, establishing either confusions or complexities within their social relationship.    A complex social relationship explored in this novel is between Wolshiem and Gatsby. The two are business colleagues who work together, however the nature of their business is rarely discussed. During lunch between Gatsby, Wolshiem and Nick, Wolshiem mistakes Nick's reason of invitation, which Gatsby quickly states, 'I told you we'd talk about that some other time.' (p69) This suggests to the audience that their business is not above board, as Gatsby does not wish to discuss their business dealing in front of company. Throughout the novel, their business relationship is kept very vague. On the surface it appears to be a normal business relationship, however due to the uncertainty of their dealings, it is established to the audience that there is a complex relationship existing between the two characters. Thus showing how complexities can be explores through the social relationship of business colleagues.    Another example of a social relationship explored in the novel, containing complexities, is between Wolshiem and Gatsby from Wolshiem's point of view. In the final chapter, Wolshiem sends Nick a letter in regards to Gatsby's death. He states that he is, '...tied up in... very important business... cannot get mixed up in this thing now.' (p157)    This reinforces that their relationship was strictly business and there was not a very strong friendship existing between the two characters. It appears that Wolshiem has very little respect for Gatsby, as he doesn't have the courtesy to attend his funeral. It is portrayed that all Gatsby was to Wolshiem was a business colleague, nothing more. Wolshiem doe not want to further their relationship as friends. Within the letter, Wolshiem refers to Gatsby as a 'thing.' This represents Gatsby's death as an inconvenience on Wolshiem's behalf. As Wolshiem was involved in some 'very important business,' this once again reinforces the idea that their business relationship was below board.

Enterprise Resource Planning Essay

There are twenty KSFs considered in this study. They were chosen from literature review. The KSFs are classified into five stages of ERP implementation life cycle; namely: project preparation, technology selection, project formulation, implementation/development and deployment. To address the study objectives, a survey questionnaire was considered the most appropriate research method. It was sent to 74 companies that have been implementing ERP system for at least one year. The respondents are staff at management level, IT staff and users involved in the development and use of the ERP system. The survey received 248 responses from 740 quesitionnaires that were sent to the companies. To find the priority of KSFs on ERP implementation life cycle, a quantitative analysis is applied to identify the weighting of KSFs toward ERP implementation success. The success of ERP implementation can be measured through five indicators; namely: system quality, information quality, service quality, tactical impact and strategical impact. Based on the weighting of KSFs on each stage of ERP implementation life cycle, it is found that the communication is most critical KSF on project preparation stage (? 0. 664). While the strong ERP product (package selection) is most critical KSF on technology selection stage (? = 0. 554). The change management is most critical KSF on project formulation stage (? = 0. 406), and on implementation/development stage, user training is the most critical KSF (? = 0. 422). This study is expected to improve knowledge in ERP implementation, especially the role of KS F on each stage of ERP implementation life cycle. Keywords: Priority of KSFs, ERP Implementation Success, ERP Implementation Life Cycle, Key Success Factors (KSFs) _____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Introduction Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system is an integrated information system that is used to support business processes and resource management within an organization. These systems integrate between one business unit with other business units. With the implementation of this system in an organization to support the company’s operations, it is expected to provide optimum benefit for the company. This is especially needed by the various industrial sectors in this era of lobalization. So, the company can compete with competitors or even create a competitive advantage. In addition, ERP selection is also done with various strategic reasons both tangible and intangible. ERP software has grown rapid ly the last 10 years. According to AMR Research, ERP system sales increased dramatically in 2004 reached 23. 6 billion dollars. Market Journal of Enterprise Resource Planning Studies 2 growth rate remained stable in 2005, and the end of 2009 the ERP software sales reached 24. 5 billion dollars (Hestermann, Anderson ; Pang, 2009). One of the largest ERP companies is SAP AG (a German Company). The company controls about 40% of the market and it is the third largest software company in the world. Based on data from SAP AG, about 80% of SAP’s sales occur in Europe and the United States, while the remaining 20% spread in Asia. The main reason of the investment made by companies is due to the ERP system integration business and it promises to improve the company’s competitive position in the market (Luo and Strong, 2004). Some benefits have also been frequently cited in several studies related to the ERP system, such as: data and pplication integration as a substitute for legacy systems, lower cost and faster deployment compared with in-house development, adopting ERP best practices into business company processes (Markus, 2004). However, some other cases show that investments of Information Technology (IT) with substantial funds may not necessarily bring optimal benefits. This is shown by Dantes & Hasibuan (2010) who i llustrate that nearly 60% of ERP implementation in Indonesia in both public and private companies have failed. Even big companies in the world such as: FoxMeyer Drug and Dell Computer have pent quite a lot of funds for implementation of ERP but the benefits obtained are not optimal (Kalakota and Robinson, 2001). It was reported that FoxMeyer like all large companies engaged in pharmaceutical declare themselves bankrupt because of failure in implementing the system. In line with the above data, a survey conducted by Robbins-Giowa in American companies in 2001 found that about 51% of companies in America have failed in the implementation of ERP (IT Cortex, 2003), In China, it is estimated that the ERP implementation success rate is only 10% (Zhang et al. , 2003). Success and failure of ERP system implementation is influenced by several aspects of both internal and external organizations. Various factors are influencing the success of ERP implementation. Many researchers found critical success factors on ERP implementation, but they were not put in practice. Therefore, in this study we examine the KSF and propose a priority of KSFs on ERP implementation life cycle, both technical and non technical issues that influence the ERP implementation success. Theoretical Background The following sub sections discuss ERP implementation life cycle, KSFs on ERP mplementation process, and measurement of ERP implementation success model. Implementation Life Cycle ERP implementation is changing from legacy systems into ERP system. It is more on process change instead of technology change itself. This section will describe the stages on ERP implementation from previous research, in which each model has different stages. In general, ERP implementation process has three main stages: pre-implementation, implementation and post-implementation (Capaldo and Rippa, 2009). However, some researchers considered each stage to be sub-stages according to their perspectives.

Writing Essays - Molecular Behavior, Everyday Joes, Corn Flakes

Writing Essays - Molecular Behavior, Everyday Joes, Corn Flakes Writing My writing is like a Christmas present from your grandmother: it?s a guaranteed surprise. No matter what I write, no matter what the topic, time or place, I?m never sure how something is going to turn out. Now, just because it?s a surprise doesn?t mean that it isn?t good. And, just because it?s a surprise doesn?t mean it isn?t an accident either. Weren?t Corn Flakes and Penicillin discovered by accident? All I?m trying to say is that every piece of my writing is an adventure: an unusual collection of thoughts and ideas thrown together, forming an interesting, original, yet sometimes unfocused opinion. Writing has not always been an enjoyable activity for me. Through my education, I?ve been taught to write for a specific group, not to a specific group. Recently, however, I?ve been lucky enough to have teachers who let me write for myself, not anyone else. With this newly found freedom, writing has become a way to express what I feel, not how I should or could feel. I use these opportunities to raise an eyebrow, instead of just completing an assignment. Now that we got the legal mumbo jumbo out of the way, we can get started. If you can?t already tell, I like to write with flare. I could write the world?s most detailed and thorough book on the molecular behavior of a Tetrachloride isotope. But, if I don?t catch a reader, don?t inspire a reader, or make a reader beg for more, all I have is a cheap door stop or welcome mat. Life?s too short to do boring things. You have to step out of your comfort zone, take chances, say the things you really want to say, do what you have to do. It makes for a pure, original masterpiece, which anyone can enjoy. Just be yourself. Let?s face it. Who in our society are we most fascinated by? Regular, everyday Joes or Janes? No way. Freaks, weirdoes, individuals, basketball players with colored hairthese are the people that receive all the attention. And why? Because they are truly themselves, not the zombies or clones that so many of us are. Right or wrong, they scream out ?I AM ME!? Think of it this way: if all we had on this planet were followers and conformists and ?normal people,? would there still be the Michael Jordans, Einsteins, Martin Luther Kings and Mother Theresas? Absolutely not. No person becomes successful by being ?normal? or ordinary. Now, I?m not saying if you write for yourself and be different that you will be famous and recognized and go down in the history books as a famous something. But it sure is a nice start. I love the idea of freedom in writing. Not just freedom of topics, but freedom of ideas, expression, and philosophies. Writing shouldn?t be constricted or narrow minded. It needs to be universal. Writing, whether public or personal, is incredibly difficult. No matter who the audience, topic or author, there will always be a critic. It?s a given in this world. Not only in writing or literature, but in every facet of life. You can?t make everybody happy. Know this, accept this, use this to your advantage. Write for yourself, and only yourself. Then, you will be pleased. Because, aren?t you the most important critic of all?

Oedipus Rex Essays - Operas, Oedipus The King, Oedipus, Creon

Oedipus Rex Essays - Operas, Oedipus The King, Oedipus, Creon Oedipus Rex The play Oedipus Rex may show mankinds search for a better society. The Greeks in the 5th century B.C. tried to make the most out of life. They wanted to know, what was the best way to live in that society at the time? The Greeks then began to study mankind. They began to determine between the rights and wrongs of the society. He who violated the social norms suffered throughout their life. For example, Oedipus Rex showed mainly three types of unmoral acts that deified the social norms of society. The main three were his Intellectual Pride, Three types of Hubris, and his anger and rash judgment towards Creon. Prior to the birth of Oedipus Rex, a prophecy was spoken over Laius and his wife, Jocasta. They were told that their son would one day be his fathers killer and would then marry his mother. In fear, kind Lauis and queen Jocasta sent the baby off with a slave to be killed. He was never killed, but rather was given to a childless king and queen, which lovingly raised him. Later in his life, several unknown men traveling confronted him. Upon confrontation, Oedipus Rex killed all but one of the men in self-defense. Unknowingly, Oedipus had begun to fulfill the prophecy for one of the men had been his father, Laius. While traveling, Oedipus had come to the city of Thebes. There he saved the city from the wrath of the sphinx by solving her riddle. He was a savior to the city, and was made king and married Jocasta (his mother). They ruled together and conceived four children. Although the truth had been spoken to Oedipus about these matters previously, he had chosen not to believe them. Oedipuss Intellectual Pride begins to unravel. He is looking for the murderer of the king (his father). He thinks 5 or 6 men killed the king because of money (bribery). No, Oedipus is wrong. He makes a lot of mistakes and he thinks he knows the answers to this situation. He is very self-confident and takes responsibility, as a king should. Oedipus acts too quickly and jumps to conclusions, while trying to figure out who committed this unmoral act that broke the social norm of their society. He asks Teiresias, but he refuses tell Oedipus that it was he who killed the king. But remember, Oedipus has already heard a prophecy about himself. His pride makes it difficult for him to listen to other peoples advice and facts. He was so sure that he knew who the murderer was, but he was too ignorant. The answer was given to him but refused to believe it. Hubris begins to play a role in Oedipus character. Mainly there are three areas of Hubris he uncovered. The term Hubris means a behavior without proper limits; arrogance; insolence; defiance to the laws of the gods or moral laws. First, Oedipus has committed a murder and engaged in incest. He has mocked the gods. Oedipus solved the riddle of the sphinx and claimed he did everything on his own. In a sense, he looked down on the gods. The Greeks believed that there were powers higher than themselves. Man was great but not as great and powerful as the gods. Oedipus showed the opposite. Secondly, he shows the opposite by insulting the gods. He stated that he didnt need them in his life. Here he commits blasphemy, which is a term meaning, the act of speaking out against a sacred person. Lastly, his anger shows another hubris. He speaks out against Teiresias, stating that he was a wicked old man. In response, Oedipus showed no respect for Teiresias. For this, he will endure great Nemesis f or his hubriss. Nemesis is a term, which means great punishment for going against a god. His failure to listen to the gods warnings resulted by making his life a living nightmare. He had committed the unmentionable and hed rather not exist at this point. Oedipus, ruler of Thebes, murdered his own father and married his mother. Such acts are almost always deemed unnatural and criminal; they are not tolerated within a traditional society. A person who has committed these illegal acts of murder

Taxation Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Taxation - Term Paper Example repair, maintenance and insurance costs. There are four alternative method are available to taxpayer to calculate the deduction for car expenses, which are provided in Appendix no.1. Chossing the cents for kilometer method, the amount is $7560 plus another car expenses $6500, arrives to a total amount of $14 060. Section 25-10(1) of the ITAA97 refers to a deduction for expenditure on depreciating assets. And S 40-30(1) sustains that a depreciating asset has a limited effective life and can reasonably be expected to decreases in value over the time it is used. Section 25-10(1) of the ITAA97 refers to a deduction for expenditure on depreciating assets. And S 40-30(1) sustains that a depreciating asset has a limited effective life and can reasonably be expected to decreases in value over the time it is used. Section 25-10(1) refers to a deduction for expenditure on depreciating assets. And S 40-30(1) sustains that a depreciating asset has a limited effective life and can reasonably be expected to decreases in value over the time it is used. As shown by the deductions analysis and by the computations, the taxable income equals the assessable income less allowance deductions, and is $245671.5. Considering that the tax rate is 30%, the amount of tax is $73701.5. There are no tax offsets so that total tax liability is equal to the amount of $73701.5. On 1 July 2012, it was constituted a partnership between Mary Bran (former sole proprietor) and Joe Mason. The business was previously started on 1 September 2011 by Mary Bran, and consisted of an architect’s practice, which main area of service is to provide services to home builders and small business. The business was located in Northcote and still is, and the startup costs were in amount of $ 600.000 (partly financed with debt). In what concerns the contribution of the new partner – Joe Mason, this was in amount of $ 600.000. The contribution of the new partner Joe Mason

English 102 College Poetry assignment Scholarship Essay

English 102 College Poetry assignment - Scholarship Essay Example The poet recognized the suffering and wasted potential, and the threat of violence in Harlem, as the peoples' dreams were deferred. With the last line, he is issuing a warning that injustice and deprivation could result in that explosion. Question 2. "Do Not Go Gentle Into That Good Night" Dylan Thomas: I have chosen this because it is full of a passion for life and refuses to accept that death is inevitable. The speaker wants to keep his father alive (it was written when Thomas' father was dying), so it is his voice. His repetition of "Do not go gentle into that good night" and "Rage, rage against the dying of the light" at the end of alternate stanzas, is full of urgent, vibrant vitality; he is willing his father and all who are old, to remember the wonder of life and stay to accomplish more. He includes all kinds of men, "wise men", "good men", "wild men" and "grave men", all qualities his father may have had. I like the way opposites emphasize power and differences: "Light" and "dark", "see" and "blind", "gentle" and "rage" and the auditory and physical imagery in words like ""forked" and "danced", "sang" and "grieved" make the poem pulsate with movement and feeling. The themes of death and loss make the poet angry, and the images are like prizes offered to tempt his father to stay. He would accept anything from his father ""curse, bless, me now with your fierce tears I pray", if only he would stay alive. Thomas rages against death as a waste of the great potential for life in everyone. Question 3. Poet v Speaker: The speaker in "Incident" is a little black boy, recalling a childhood memory, telling it from a child's point of view, with simplicity. The poet was taken to live in Baltimore as a child, so his adult voice recalls the event in the present. In "Those Winter Sundays" the speaker is a grown man, reminiscing on his childhood. He takes us back to memories of his father, expresses the emotions felt then and brings us to the present as an adult. Hayden lived in a situation where his father and mother fought and he was beaten, so he too is the speaker. Theme: The theme of "Incident" is racism, stretching across the years from 1925 Baltimore to the time the poem was written. There is disillusionment and irony too, for at the end, although it is all he can remember, there is something there of having overcome the experience. "Those Winter Sundays" is on the theme of family, and father/son relationships in particular. The speaker/poet looks back at how his father cared for his family, on his one day of rest and how this went unappreciated. Tone: "Incident", despite the simple childish rhyme, is ironic and the beginning and end of the poem add to this. It begins with "glee", then the "Baltimorean" reacting with childish and adult prejudiced response, dispels that joy, and the ending that tells how this has had a lasting impact, "but hey, I am still here to tell the tale" almost, is the ironic twist in the stark racist reality. Hayden's tone is one of regret for failing to understand or appreciate his father's love. He talked about "speaking indifferently to him", but there are signs of danger too, "fearing the chronic angers of that house." The regret is expressed in the final two lines, about "love's austere and lonely offices." Parody on "Poem" by

Self-Assessment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 78

Self-Assessment - Essay Example Explicating Countee Cullen’s Incident was a quite interesting, and very enlightening, endeavor. Although the poem was quite simple and straightforward, it takes a lot of imagination to make sense of the narrative. Although it is easy to understand, the sentiments or emotions embedded in it are quite complex and immeasurable, which make the analysis extremely challenging. The part where I have to analyze every line of the poem was the most challenging. Every line is infused with intense emotions. Moreover, the transitioning is quick and drastic. And it was difficult to find the right words to describe the author’s emotions. I tried to balance the intensity of the words with the emotions embedded in each line. It was very challenging to analyze someone else’s story using my own point of view. But even though the task was very challenging, I found it quite entertaining. Because of the simplicity of the language used by the author, I immediately understood what the a uthor was trying to say. It is not like the other poems that are filled with metaphors or complicated imagery. I learned several things from writing this essay. First, short poems are like novels; even though they are short, they can narrate an entire story. Second, poems like Incident are outwardly simple, but a deeper analysis of it will reveal a larger reality, such as racial prejudice and its impact on its victims. And lastly, simplicity is the beauty. A poem does not have to be too elaborate or complicated to be exceptional.

Police Strategies Essay Example for Free

Police Strategies Essay The topic I chose to research about is which police strategy/tactic is most effective in reducing crime and disorder. There are various forms of policing such as community-oriented policing, problem-oriented policing, hot spots policing, broken windows theory, and zero-tolerance policing. COP is a model of policing that stresses a two-way working relationship between the community and the police along with the police becoming more integrated into the local community, and citizens assuming an active role in crime control and prevention. POP is a concept created by Herman Goldstein in which he believes the police should take the categories of crime, order maintenance, and service and break them down into discrete problems and then develop specific responses to each one. Hot spots policing originated from research that revealed crime is extremely concentrated in small areas. The broken windows theory is about how crime problems develop at place, and how police should focus their role to stop crime problems from arising. According to Paul M.  Walters, there is a strategy for COP to prevent crime and disorder which is referred to as response to incidents (R2I). R2I requires law enforcement officers to react to crimes or emergency incidents. In order to promote citizen confidence in the police, officers should swiftly respond to any such incidents and establish and maintain control over the situation. R2I also requires officers to respond proactively to crime patterns. This is accomplished through such tactics as directed patrol, targeted identifications, etc. However, if police administrators do not carefully manage the R2I strategy, their departments can quickly be overwhelmed by community demands. In order to manage increased calls for police service, administrators need to monitor demand and then research as many creative ways as possible to respond to these calls. There are many ways to respond to calls for assistance that do not require the immediate dispatching of an officer in a patrol car. Other, less expensive responses may satisfy the request just as effectively. Another way to better serve jurisdictions using the R2I strategy is to invest in current technology in such areas as communications, information, case management and analysis, and transportation which may include automated mug systems, records management and retrieval systems, automated aging systems, and mobile data terminals. Department managers must then use all their resources, both technological and human, in a balanced way that produces not just activity but also results that they can measure against their mission statements. Managing the limited resources of departments to respond effectively to both incidents and calls for service, while producing the greatest advantage for their communities, requires managers to make informed, professional decisions. Foot patrol and Neighborhood Watch programs are two other popular strategies for the effectiveness of COP. A number of evaluations in the 1980s reported that while additional foot patrol did not reduce crime, it did increase feelings of safety. If people are less fearful they might not withdraw from the communities, and the process of neighborhood deterioration might not begin. Neighborhood Watch programs have repeatedly been found to have little impact on crime. Residents who live in areas with more crime, and who live in inner-city minority neighborhoods, have been less willing to participate in Neighborhood Watch programs or any other activities that involve partnership with the police. The effect of whether COP works is hard to say and evidence is very mixed. It’s hard to evaluate since it’s done differently from police department to police department. While a number of questions remain, the future of COP appears bright. According to Paul M.  Walters, the heart of the POP approach is the concept that police must be more responsive to the causes of crime, rather than merely dealing with the results of crime. Maintaining neighborhood safety can be more beneficial to the community than merely treating isolated neighborhood problems. This approach represents a significant shift in how both the public and the police view the role of law enforcement in the community. Problem-oriented policing is a proactive, decentralized approach to providing police services designed to reduce crime and disorder, and by extension, the fear of crime. Department heads achieve this by assigning officers to specific neighborhoods on a long-term basis. Long-term involvement between the officers and neighborhood residents fosters the development of credible relationships based on mutual trust and cooperation. It also allows a high-level exchange of information between citizens and police officers, as well as mutual input concerning policing priorities and tactics for specific areas of the community. Problem-oriented policing also istributes police services more effectively across the community and targets high-crime areas for problem-solving approaches that allow law enforcement to define and deal with the causes of crime. This helps to neutralize the undue influence of special interest groups that can be the recipients of preferred services when no system of community-based priorities exists. Systematic reviews and meta analysis are a method for determining whether POP reduces crime and disorder. A study was conducted by Weisburg, Telep, Hinkle, and Eck. Whether they used a more conservative mean effect size approach or examined the largest effects on crime and disorder reported, they found that POP approaches have a statistically significant effect on the outcomes examined. Importantly, the results are similar whether we look at experimental or nonexperimental studies. The small group of studies in the review allows us to come to a solid conclusion regarding the promise of POP, but it does not allow statistical conclusions regarding the types of approaches that work best for specific types of problems. They think it a major public policy failure that the government and the police have not invested greater effort and resources in identifying the POP approaches and tactics that work best to combat specific types of crime. Moreover, a much larger number of studies are needed to draw strong generalizations regarding the possible effectiveness of POP across different types of jurisdictions and different types of police agencies. The portfolio of available studies does not allow us to draw conclusions about such contextual factors and suggests that U.  S. policing has adopted POP widely without an evidence base for deciding where and when it should be used. The central conclusion of our review is that POP as an approach has significant promise to ameliorate crime and disorder problems broadly defined. Hot spots policing is easier to implement than COP and POP. Research early on showed it had promise in reducing crime. It’s easy to implement as officers are still doing patrol and making arrests. Computerized crime mapping is used in nearly every police department that does hot spots policing. Some programs can do statistical analyses to identify hot spots and find trends in crime across time and space. The programs also can have maps updated with the latest data each day. Studies have found that hot spots policing is at least moderately effective in reducing crime. It’s so hard to know what exactly works because many studies also involve elements of POP and other tactics. The broken windows theory is widely viewed as effective in policing circles after it was used in New York City in the 1990s and the city had a large crime drop. There are several suggestions for how police could best prevent crime with the broken windows theory. Police should return to the order maintenance role. Police should not ignore disorder. Police should negotiate consensus with residents and users of public spaces about what is or is not acceptable in that area. The key is to deal with disorder quickly and not let it untended, and clean it up in areas that have declined. This is hypothesized to prevent fear of crime and maintain social controls in areas such as residents aren’t afraid to intervene and/or move away from the area. Some studies have found increased complaints against the police with the broken windows theory. In conclusion, the research I obtained about the various police strategies and tactics leads to an important statement. Unfortunately, there is no clear answer. There is fairly mixed and weak research evidence about the impacts of these tactics on crime. COP seems effective in fighting fear of crime and improving police-community relations but not in fighting crime. A report by the National Academy reinforces that the most effective strategies and tactics are those that target small locations, take a focused approach, and are highly proactive.